Colors

Building on the WHO color palette, the design system defines a set of beautiful, and expressive color themes with corresponding scales.

Color choices are based on our core principles: They are designed to be accessible, clear and distinguishable, on-point for the specific domain of WHO health data, culturally aware, and robust in a large variety of conditions.

Color themes

For all themes, brand, foreground, background and text colors are provided in varying strengths, to meet different background contrast requirements.

All colors are defined separately for dark and light environments. The dark theme can be used in low-light conditions or to highlight particular sections of a page, e.g. a hero chart.

Try switching themes here:

brand/base
#008dc9
WHO brand color.
brand/stronger
#0f2d5b
WHO brand color with stronger contrast
brand/weaker
#90d3fb
WHO brand color with weaker contrast
foreground/base
#000000
Used for elements in the foreground that have a strong contrast to the background.
foreground/weaker
#595959
Used for elements in the foreground that have a weaker contrast to the background (e.g. axes).
foreground/weakest
#cccccc
Used for elements in the foreground that have the weakest contrast to the background (e.g. ticks, help-lines)
background/base
#ffffff
The default light background color, used e.g. as a backdrop for charts or cards.
background/weaker
#f7f7f7
A slightly shaded background color, used e.g. as a backdrop behind card elements.

Category colors

The colors for nominal data are based on the WHO 2021 brand colors. They were adapted to make them perceptually suitable for data visualization and fully accessible.

Specifically, the category colors fulfill the following requirements:

  • Colorblind-safe, tested for the most common types of color vision.
  • Nameable, to be distinguishable and easy to refer to verbally.
  • Equally salient, with comparable brightness and saturation.
  • Sufficient background contrast on both light and dark backgrounds: To fit colors to different sizes of text and visual marks, all colors come in various strengths for different background contrasts.
category/base/0
#f4a81d
Used for nominal data of category 0.
category/base/1
#f26829
Used for nominal data of category 1.
category/base/2
#bd53bd
Used for nominal data of category 2.
category/base/3
#6363c0
Used for nominal data of category 3.
category/base/4
#008dc9
Used for nominal data of category 4.
category/base/5
#40bf73
Used for nominal data of category 5.
category/base/99
#cccccc
Used for nominal data in the "other" category.

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100

Special categories

In addition, specific mappings of colors from the generic color pool for common categorizations in the WHO domain are provided.

Tap/click to expand the sections on the right

Region colors are chosen from the category colors to best match the classic WHO region colors for easy recognition.

category/region/base/afr
#6363c0
Used for regional data categories for the WHO African Region.
category/region/base/amr
#f26829
Used for regional data categories for the WHO Region of the Americas.
category/region/base/emr
#bd53bd
Used for regional data categories for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region.
category/region/base/eur
#008dc9
Used for regional data categories for the WHO European Region.
category/region/base/sear
#40bf73
Used for regional data categories for the WHO South-East Asian Region.
category/region/base/wpr
#f4a81d
Used for regional data categories for the WHO Western Pacific Region.

category/region/text/afr
#4b4baf
Used for regional data categories for the WHO African Region.
category/region/text/amr
#9a3709
Used for regional data categories for the WHO Region of the Americas.
category/region/text/emr
#8e2f8e
Used for regional data categories for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region.
category/region/text/eur
#245993
Used for regional data categories for the WHO European Region.
category/region/text/sear
#1d6339
Used for regional data categories for the WHO South-East Asian Region.
category/region/text/wpr
#754d06
Used for regional data categories for the WHO Western Pacific Region.

Sequential scales

Sequential color scales can be used to encode quantitiative metrics of either positive or negative values.

We provide both single-hue and multi-hue color scales to choose from. While in single hue scales, value progressions are the most clear, multi-hue scale produce more namable colors that can be more easily referred in text.

All sequential scales are defined by color stops. Colors in between the stops are interpolated in the LAB color space, which represents human perception better than e.g. RGB or HSL spaces.

They harmonize with the category colors and fulfill the following criteria:

  • Perceptually uniform decrease in lightness and increase saturation towards higher values (inverse for dark backgrounds).
  • Colorblind-safe tested for the most common types of color vision.
  • Sufficient lightness range, to make values easy to read.
  • Versions for dark backgrounds with inverted brightness contrast.
sequential/brand/base
#d7e6f3
#75b6d6
#0582bb
#0f2d5b

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100
sequential/brand/secondary
#75b6d6
#0582bb
#0f2d5b

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100
sequential/complementary/base
#f5dbd9
#f8908b
#da484a
#a00016

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100
sequential/complementary/secondary
#f8908b
#da484a
#a00016

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100
sequential/colorful/base
#fbf6ca
#bacf99
#8297ec
#865fbb
#960055

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100
sequential/colorful/alt
#fbf6ca
#eabd89
#c88684
#875b9e
#1c3e94

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100

Diverging scales

Diverging scales can be used for quantitiative data that contains both positive and negative values. Depending on use case, it can be more appropriate to place zero at the center of the scale, or to the median. Like sequential scales, diverging color scales are interpolated in LAB space between defined stops.

Diverging scales fulfill the following criteria:

  • Blend over a neutral color — close to the background — in the center.
  • Perceptually uniform increase in saturation and decrease in lightness towards both ends of the scale (inverse for dark backgrounds).
  • Colorblind-safe tested for the most common types of color vision.
  • Sufficient lightness range, to make values easy to read.
  • Versions for dark backgrounds with inverted brightness contrast.
diverging/base
#ee8f00
#ebc26f
#d6dae5
#6fbedf
#1c4e94

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100
diverging/alt
#a00016
#d9777d
#d6dae5
#53abd0
#0f2d5b

Hue

Chroma

020406080100

Luminance

020406080100

Functional colors

Functional colors are used to highlight elements and indicate particular value types.

Selection fill and stroke colors are used to highlight elements which are focussed or accentuated by editor or user selection. In contexts, where multiple selections are possible, category colors are used for identifiying selections across charts (see Interaction).

Generally, selection colors come in two strengths, with the stronger version ensuring a contrast of at least 3:1 to the background color. Selections are further emphasized using an outline in the selection stroke color, which can be used in combination with the selection colors or without them, if color is used to encode data in the chart.

In addition, our system provides a color for elements that are filtered out. Colors for value types are often used together with other visual decorators, such as outlines or hatching. These styles can for instance indicate projections or holes in the data (either due to reporting issues or because countries are deliberately not part of a dataset).

functional/accent
#ffcb01
Used for author-driven accents of parts of charts, texts and other elements.
functional/focus
#fff400
Used for marking of focused elements when using keyboard controls.
functional/notAvailable
#b2b2b2
Used for visual marks (e.g. countries in maps) where data is missing from the dataset.
functional/notApplicable
#f2f2f2
Used for visual marks (e.g. countries in maps) where the data is (deliberately) not part of the dataset.
functional/projectedHatch
#ffffff
Used in the mask of the hatching for projected values.
functional/selection/stroke
#1a1a1a
Stroke for selected elements within charts & UI.
functional/selection/default/base
#008dc9
Used for selections of reference data (e.g. worldwide).
functional/selection/default/stronger
#008dc9
Used for selections of reference data (e.g. worldwide), when visual elements are smaller (background contrast min. 3:1).

Design tokens

These color definitions are available as a download in the form of design tokens for a variety of languages. Let us know in case you miss an output format and we can look into providing it.